• Lyprauta

  their wings. The eggs of Lyprauta sp. are greyish-black and spherical. Larvae of Lyprauta sp. are a transparent greyish white and have a long slender body [...] earthworms of the family Enchytraeidae. Damage symptoms The symptoms are superficial damage on roots. Especially the root tips are affected. They become black [...] Just above the damaged area, the roots produce large numbers of new branches. This ultimately results in a reduced number of flower stems and a longer vegetative

• Cactus mealybug

  appearance of Cactus mealybug Mealybugs get their name from the fact that the body of the females from the third nymphal instar onwards are covered with a white [...] After a complete metamorphosis, a winged male emerges from this pupa. The males lack mouth parts and are incapable of feeding. They have a brief lifespan [...] white waxy material in the form of powder, threads, spiky projections or platelets. Eggs are laid in a sticky, foamy mass of wax threads, called an egg sac

• Pine processionary moth

  caterpillars are present, but also during the following summer because of the persistence of allergenic hairs in the remains of winter nests The larvae of the Pine [...] reducing the viability of oak trees. Life cycle and appearance of Pine processionary moth The female moth has a wingspan of 36-49 mm; the wingspan of the male [...] Both sexes have a hairy thorax. The forewings are dull ashen-grey; the veins, margins and three transverse bands are darker. The hindwings are white, grey-fringed

• Cabbage moth

  until they are a brown-black or sometimes even a purple colour. They are ridged and have a light network of markings. First instar larvae of the cabbage moth [...] their pupae the female moths lay clusters of 20 to 100 eggs on the underside of leaves or elsewhere within the greenhouse structure. The eggs are initially [...] accumulates in the heart of cabbage, thereby lowering the commercial value of infested crops. Life cycle and appearance of Cabbage moth The adult cabbage

• Blue mold

  causes a water-soaked area on the fruit skin. Subsequently, white mycelium becomes visible. In the centre of the lesion, blue to green spores are produced [...] produced. The white circle around the centre is the area where sporulation has not started yet, surrounded by a water-soaked ring where the white mycelium is [...] appearance of Blue mold Only conidia are produced by Penicillium italicum, t here are no known sexual stages. The conidia survive in orchards and are dispersed

• Grey mould

  cinerea ) is part of the foot rot complex, which causes rotting of the foot and may cause death of the plants. In cucumber and tomato the fungus causes lesions [...] compounds that kill the plant cells and then uses the content of the plant cells as nutrients. On the infected area, new spores are formed within a few days. Under [...] leaves on the stem once, especially in the autumn, because from these leaves the stems are infected, possibly killing the entire plant maintain a higher RH

• South American palm borer

  cryptic. The pupa exits the cocoon using its spines and the mobility of its abdomen. Pupal exuviae can be found anchored in the cocoon. The adult is a large [...] parts of the palms. Early-instar larvae can be found in the stipes (trunk), within the fruit, or within the leaf rachis. They may bore into the young, [...] abnormal drying up of the palm, especially of the core leaves. Heavy larval attack may kill the palm tree. Life cycle and appearance of South American palm

• How to protect bumblebees from heat

  it in a cool spot. There are various methods available for growers to do so: Right placement Placing the hive near the ground on the shade of the crop can [...] worldwide conducted over a period of 35 years, has led to a number of innovations that have now been built into the design of the popular Natupol hives. [...] can keep the temperatures inside the hive lower. Shading Providing effective shading to the top and the sides of the hive or providing an installation

• Cutworms

  observed as a cutting of young seedlings, often causing death of the cut seedlings. Sometimes wilting is observed because of partial cutting. A larva often [...] occasionally tunnel into the growing stalk, disrupting the sap flow in the plant. Life cycle and appearance of Cutworms The adults of Agrotis spp. have pale [...] darker. They are laid separately or in batches on the ground, or on the plant close to ground level. The larvae are yellowish when hatching with a dark head

• Leek moth

  penetrates the young leaves, the flower stalk or the inflorescence of the host plant. Feeding on the leaf tissue by the caterpillars causes a reduction in [...] larval stages, a pupa and the adult moth. The eggs are small, white and elliptical and are laid singly on the leaf of Allium plants. After a wandering period [...] female moth are 8-9 mm long, with a wing span of 15-16 mm. Their general colour is grey-brown with a typical white triangle in the middle of the posterior