lowering crop density, good aeration during propagation and maintaining a warm and dry climate in greenhouses. Use hygiene measures. Start clean, remove
species, but in general the risk of Alternaria infection is larger under quite warm and humid conditions. Infection may take place within a few hours, with lesions
25 and 28 °C. Germination only occurs at relative humidity (RH) above 80%. Warm (25-30 °C) and humid (RH above 85%) conditions increase chances of infection
lowering crop density, good aeration during propagation and maintaining a warm and dry climate in greenhouses Use hygiene measures. Start clean, remove
Prevent high temperatures immediately after planting. Avoid cold and excessive warm irrigation water. Keep the water content of the substrate below 70% and ensure
fruit quality, and increased risk of bunch rot. Powdery mildew thrives under warm and humid conditions; however, unlike most other grapevine pathogens, it
species, but in general, the risk of Alternaria infection is larger under quite warm and humid conditions. Infection may take place within a few hours, with lesions
wine and table grape production worldwide. The disease spreads rapidly under warm and wet conditions, infecting leaves, shoots, and young berries, often resulting