• Pea leaf miner

  damaged before the harvest is affected. The size of a leaf tunnel depends on the stage of development of the leaf, the species of host plant and the species of [...] roughly one hour the larva crawls out of the leaf and falls to the ground. This occurs in the early morning. The larva crawls into the ground to pupate [...] percentage of the larvae remain hanging on the leaf and pupate there, sometimes on the upper surface but more commonly on the underside. The late third instar

• Tomato leaf miner

  roughly one hour the larva crawls out of the leaf and falls to the ground. This occurs in the early morning. The larva crawls into the ground to pupate [...] directly and indirectly. The most direct damage is caused by the larvae mining the leaf tissue, leading to desiccation, premature leaf-fall and cosmetic [...] percentage of the larvae remain hanging on the leaf and pupate there, sometimes on the upper surface but more commonly on the underside. The late third instar

• South American palm borer

  into and remain within the very core of these structures, where the humidity is high and temperature fairly stable. Damage symptoms depend on the palm [...] parts of the palms. Early-instar larvae can be found in the stipes (trunk), within the fruit, or within the leaf rachis. They may bore into the young, packed [...] eggs are found within the fibre webs closest to or within the palm crowns. Immediately after hatching, the larva is pink. After the first moult, mobility

• Impatiens thrips

  occurs on the leaf rather than on the ground. The prepupae and pupae remain immobile on the leaf tissue. Adults are found on both upper- and undersides [...] patches on leaves and the black dots of their excreta indicate their presence in the crop. The vigour of the plant is reduced by loss of chlorophyll. [...] sweet pepper, cucumber and eggplants. It lives exclusively on the leaves and is often present on weeds in greenhouses. Life cycle and appearance of Impatiens

• Grape berry moth

  central and southern Europe. Damage symptoms The larvae destroy flower buds and also cause the death of open flowers and young fruitlets. Later in the season [...] General The Grape berry moth ( Eupoecilia ambiguella ), is an important pest of grapevine. Other hosts include Hedera and currants. It is widely distributed [...] Fungal pathogens often invade the damaged tissue, which can lead to further losses. The silken larval habitations and sticky exudations from damaged fruits

• European red mite

  initially brown spots on the leaves and when these coalesce the leaves loose colour; this is often referred to as bronzing. When infestation is heavy, leaves can [...] yellowish red, and more slender and tapered near the hind end. The development from egg to adult goes faster at higher temperatures and takes approximately [...] generations in one year. The European red mite overwinters in the egg stage; the “winter eggs” are laid in the wooden parts of the host plants in autumn.

• Onion thrips

  prepupa, pupa, and finally the adult insect. The eggs of the onion thrips (Thrips tabaci) are laid in leaves, flower petals and in the soft parts of stalks [...] patches on leaves and the black dots of their excreta indicate their presence in the crop. The vigour of the plant is reduced by loss of chlorophyll. [...] General The onion thrips (Thrips tabaci) is distributed throughout the world. It is found outdoors on many plants and particularly damaging on onions,

• Oleander aphid

  Apocynaceae and Asclepiadaceae. It is commonly found feeding on oleander and milkweeds ( Asclepias sp.). The oleander aphid is cosmopolitan, and can be found [...] aphids can easily be seen on the shoots of the host plants. The damage caused by the aphid colonies is mainly aesthetic due to the large amounts of sticky honeydew [...] Life cycle and appearance of Oleander aphid The oleander aphid is an obligate parthenogenetic species; thus the adult aphids are all female and males do

• Potato/tomato psyllid

  parts of Europe, and the import into Mexico, is difficult, since Candidatus Liberibacter is considered a quarantine pest. Damage symptoms The main direct damage [...] bases and internodes, and poor-quality fruit. The bacterium Candidatus Liberibacter solanacearum which is transmitted by potato psyllid amplifies the feeding [...] indirectly, the latter causing the greatest concern and proving difficult to control. In light of this, the export of fruit from susceptible crops to some parts

• Swirski Ulti-Mite

  species and eggs and larvae of whitefly . Crops Do not use in tomato. Mode of action Predatory mites multiply in the sachet and disperse into the crop over [...] swirskii is most effective at temperatures between 20 and 32°C (68 and 90°F). It is not effective at temperatures below 18°C/64°F. Amblyseius swirskii is sensitive [...] in the crop, not exposed to direct sunlight Sachets already have an exit hole Hold sachets by the cardboard strip at the top, to avoid damaging the predatory