• Cottony cushion scale

  General The cottony cushion scale, Icerya purchasi , is considered to have originated in Australia. It was accidentally introduced to California in about 1868 and devastated the citrus industry there

• Peach twig borer

  General The peach twig borer, Anarsia lineatella, is a pest of peach and also attacks apricots and almonds. It occurs in Europe, North Africa, North America, and Asia. Damage symptoms The tips of atta

• European mole cricket

  General The European mole cricket, Gryllotalpa gryllotalpa is widely distributed in the warmer areas of Europe and introduced in the US. It lives mainly in the ground where it feeds on soil invertebra

• Boisduval scale

  General These three species of Diaspi s are very similar in their appearance and damage symptoms. Here, the Boisduval scale is described in more detail, as it is the most important one. The Boisduval

• Wax scales

  General The species of Pulvinaria are similar in their appearance and damage symptoms. All of them have a wide host range and they are usually a problem in trees, shrubs and other woody plants. Damage

• Walnut husk fly

  General The walnut husk fly ( Rhagoletis completa) is of American origin. It occurs in Europe since the 1990s and is now established in several European countries where it a pest of walnut. Damage sym

• Hemispherical scale

  General The hemispherical or helmet scale, Saissetia coffeae , occurs widely in tropical regions and in greenhouses throughout the world. It is a severe pest in coffee and citrus. Many ornamental crop

• Olive scale

  General The olive scale, Saissetia oleae , is a cosmopolitan pest of citrus and olives and occurs widely in tropical regions and in greenhouses throughout the world. It is a severe pest in coffee and

• Crane flies

  General The larvae of crane flies , called leatherjackets, live in the soil and feed on roots and shoots (which they pull into the ground of mainly grasses and cereal crops. The adults do not cause an

• American serpentine leaf miner

  General The American serpentine leaf miner ( Liriomyza trifolii ) originates from North America, but occurs also in Europe since about 1976. The American serpentine leaf miner ( Liriomyza trifolii ) i